Instruction Set Architecture (ISA)

Instruction Set Architecture (ISA)

computer_architecture programming_model abstract_machine specification risc cisc vliw epic stack_machine register_machine accumulator_machine load_store byte_addressable word_addressable fixed_length variable_length big_endian little_endian simd vector
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🔥 Risc → RISC is a specialized class of instruction set architectures, refining the general ISA model into a simplified, fixed-length, load/store instruction design.
🔥 Register Machine → The ISA defines the register set, opcodes, addressing modes, and instruction semantics that the register machine executes; without the ISA, the machine’s state transitions and program encoding are undefined.
🔥 Cisc → CISC is a category of instruction set architectures; understanding ISA fundamentals—opcodes, instruction formats, addressing modes, and encoding—provides the necessary foundation that defines and constrains CISC designs.
🔥 Stack Machine → A stack machine relies on an ISA that defines stack-oriented, zero-address instructions and stack discipline (push/pop, dup/swap, arithmetic consuming and producing operands on the stack), as well as call/return and memory semantics, enabling its implementation and compiler targeting.
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