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Instruction Set Architecture →
A CPU realizes an ISA by implementing its opcodes, registers, addressing modes, and execution semantics, making the ISA usable by software; the ISA’s practical availability depends on CPUs that implement it.
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Arithmetic Logic Unit →
The ALU is an integrated subcomponent within the CPU; it relies on the CPU’s control unit, register file, and instruction decoding to receive operands and control signals, execute arithmetic/logic operations, and return results via CPU-managed data paths.
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Computer Architecture →